Appearance
Interpreting and integrating genomic tests results in clinical cancer care: Overview and practical guidance.
文献信息
| DOI | 10.3322/caac.21825 |
|---|---|
| PMID | 38174605 |
| 期刊 | CA: a cancer journal for clinicians |
| 影响因子 | 232.4 |
| JCR 分区 | Q1 |
| 发表年份 | 2024 |
| 被引次数 | 20 |
| 关键词 | 癌症基因组学,教育,生殖系,分子特征分析,精准肿瘤学 |
| 文献类型 | Journal Article, Review |
| ISSN | 0007-9235 |
| 页码 | 264-285 |
| 期号 | 74(3) |
| 作者 | Raffaella Casolino, Philip A Beer, Debyani Chakravarty, Melissa B Davis, Umberto Malapelle, Luca Mazzarella, Nicola Normanno, Chantal Pauli, Vivek Subbiah, Clare Turnbull, C Benedikt Westphalen, Andrew V Biankin |
一句话小结
过去十年,基因检测在癌症研究和临床护理中取得显著进展,识别出驱动突变为靶向疗法提供了新机会,推动了精准肿瘤学的发展。尽管基因检测潜力巨大,但在临床应用中仍存在理解不足和结果解读困难,作者们因此开发了实用指南,以支持临床医生解读基因组信息,促进精准医疗的更广泛实施。
在麦伴科研 (maltsci.com) 搜索更多文献
癌症基因组学 · 教育 · 生殖系 · 分子特征分析 · 精准肿瘤学
摘要
过去十年中,基因检测的应用,包括基因组面板、全外显子测序和全基因组测序,在研究和临床癌症护理中取得了快速进展。这些进展为表征癌症的分子属性创造了广阔的机会,揭示了一类被称为驱动突变的癌症相关异常。这些驱动突变的识别可以揭示癌细胞对靶向疗法的脆弱性,从而促成了新型诊断工具和个性化干预措施在各种恶性肿瘤中的开发和批准。这种现代方法的应用,通常被称为精准肿瘤学或精准癌症医学,已经在癌症护理中成为常规,并将在未来几年迅速扩展。尽管基因检测能够通过提供癌症风险、预后和治疗选择的信息来改善治疗结果,但在常规癌症护理中仍然未得到充分利用。一个原因是广泛的肿瘤学界对其临床实用性的理解不足,以及结果解读的困难。目前,针对没有癌症基因组学专业知识的临床医生,关于如何解读和整合基因组信息的实用指南相对有限。在癌症的基因组基础和精准肿瘤学的概念基础上,作者们开发了实用指导,以帮助解读基因检测结果,从而为癌症患者的临床决策提供支持。他们还讨论了阻碍精准肿瘤学更广泛实施的挑战。
英文摘要
The last decade has seen rapid progress in the use of genomic tests, including gene panels, whole-exome sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing, in research and clinical cancer care. These advances have created expansive opportunities to characterize the molecular attributes of cancer, revealing a subset of cancer-associated aberrations called driver mutations. The identification of these driver mutations can unearth vulnerabilities of cancer cells to targeted therapeutics, which has led to the development and approval of novel diagnostics and personalized interventions in various malignancies. The applications of this modern approach, often referred to as precision oncology or precision cancer medicine, are already becoming a staple in cancer care and will expand exponentially over the coming years. Although genomic tests can lead to better outcomes by informing cancer risk, prognosis, and therapeutic selection, they remain underutilized in routine cancer care. A contributing factor is a lack of understanding of their clinical utility and the difficulty of results interpretation by the broad oncology community. Practical guidelines on how to interpret and integrate genomic information in the clinical setting, addressed to clinicians without expertise in cancer genomics, are currently limited. Building upon the genomic foundations of cancer and the concept of precision oncology, the authors have developed practical guidance to aid the interpretation of genomic test results that help inform clinical decision making for patients with cancer. They also discuss the challenges that prevent the wider implementation of precision oncology.
麦伴智能科研服务
主要研究问题
- 在不同类型的癌症中,基因组测试结果的解读是否存在显著差异?
- 针对临床医生缺乏癌症基因组学专业知识的现状,有哪些有效的培训或教育资源可以推荐?
- 如何评估基因组测试对个体化治疗方案的具体影响,尤其是在不同阶段的癌症患者中?
- 在实际临床应用中,如何克服解读基因组测试结果时的常见挑战和误区?
- 未来几年内,精准肿瘤学在癌症护理中的应用可能会有哪些新的发展趋势?
核心洞察
研究背景和目的
近年来,基因组检测(如基因面板、全外显子组测序和全基因组测序)在癌症研究和临床护理中取得了快速进展。这些进展使得识别癌症的分子特征成为可能,尤其是识别出一类称为驱动突变的癌症相关异常。研究的目的是开发实用指南,帮助临床医生解读基因组检测结果,以促进精准肿瘤学的应用,从而改善癌症患者的临床决策。
主要方法/材料/实验设计
研究采用了以下方法和材料:
- 文献回顾:对现有的基因组检测及其在癌症中的应用进行综合分析。
- 实用指南开发:基于对基因组信息的理解,开发了指导临床医生解读基因组检测结果的实用指南。
以下是研究的技术路线图:
关键结果和发现
- 驱动突变的识别能够揭示癌细胞的脆弱性,为靶向治疗提供依据。
- 尽管基因组检测在改善癌症风险、预后和治疗选择方面具有潜力,但在常规癌症护理中的应用仍然不足。
- 临床医生在解读基因组结果时面临困难,缺乏针对非专业人士的实用指南。
主要结论/意义/创新性
- 本研究强调了基因组检测在精准肿瘤学中的重要性,并提出了开发实用指南的必要性,以帮助临床医生更好地理解和应用基因组信息。
- 研究为推动精准医学在癌症治疗中的广泛应用提供了基础,期望能改善患者的治疗结果。
研究局限性和未来方向
- 当前研究的局限性在于缺乏针对不同癌症类型的具体应用指南,且临床医生的接受度和培训需求仍需进一步探讨。
- 未来研究方向包括:
- 扩展实用指南的覆盖范围,针对不同类型癌症的基因组检测结果提供更具体的解读。
- 加强对临床医生的培训,以提高基因组检测在临床中的应用能力。
- 探索新的技术和方法,以提升基因组信息的解读和应用效率。
引用本文的文献
- Genetics and beyond: Precision Medicine Real-World Data for Patients with Cervical, Vaginal or Vulvar Cancer in a Tertiary Cancer Center. - Fabian B T Kraus;Elena Sultova;Kathrin Heinrich;Andreas Jung;C Benedikt Westphalen;Christina V Tauber;Jörg Kumbrink;Martina Rudelius;Frederick Klauschen;Philipp A Greif;Alexander König;Anca Chelariu-Raicu;Bastian Czogalla;Alexander Burges;Sven Mahner;Rachel Wuerstlein;Fabian Trillsch - International journal of molecular sciences (2024)
- Liquid and Tissue Biopsies for Lung Cancer: Algorithms and Perspectives. - Paul Hofman - Cancers (2024)
- Prospective study of the real impact of fusion centered genomic assays in patient management in a national collaborative group: the GETHI-XX-16 study. - Paloma Navarro;Carmen Beato;Juan Francisco Rodriguez-Moreno;Sergio Ruiz-Llorente;Xabier Mielgo;Estela Pineda;Miguel Navarro;Gema Bruixola;Tatiana P Grazioso;Antonio Viudez;Jose Fuster;Esther Nogueron;Maria Dolores Mediano;Carmen Balaña;Carlos Mendez;Rosa María Rodriguez;Sonia Del Barco Berron;Beatriz Gongora;Alberto Carmona-Bayonas;Jesus Garcia-Donas - Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico (2025)
- Precision oncology platforms: practical strategies for genomic database utilization in cancer treatment. - Antonia A Gazola;William Lautert-Dutra;Leticia Frohlich Archangelo;Rodolfo B Dos Reis;Jeremy A Squire - Molecular cytogenetics (2024)
- Genomic testing for RET in the clinic: UK and global perspective. - Louise Izatt - Endocrine-related cancer (2025)
- Establishment of a comprehensive set of fact sheets for cancer predisposition genes for medical oncologists practicing cancer genome profiling. - Manami Matsukawa;Chikako Tomozawa;Yoshiaki Nakamura;Takao Fujisawa;Kaori Kimura;Yumie Hiraoka;Riu Yamashita;Shinji Kosugi;Akihiro Sakurai;Issei Imoto;Masakazu Nishigaki;Makoto Hirata;Takeshi Kuwata;Takayuki Yoshino - International journal of clinical oncology (2025)
- Efficacy and Toxicity of Pemigatinib in Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma Harboring FGFR Fusions or Rearrangements: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. - Erman Akkus;Hatime Arzu Yasar;Lorenza Rimassa;Angela Lamarca - Targeted oncology (2025)
- Optimizing a Patient-Centered Report of Somatic and Germline Genetic Test Results. - Akila Anandarajah;Hank Dart;Bailey Martin-Giacalone;Melinda Bacchini;Bettina F Drake;Graham A Colditz;Ryan C Fields;Li Ding;Erin Linnenbringer - JCO precision oncology (2025)
- Harnessing genotype and phenotype data for population-scale variant classification using large language models and bayesian inference. - Toby R Manders;Christopher A Tan;Yuya Kobayashi;Alexander Wahl;Carlos Araya;Alexandre Colavin;Flavia M Facio;Hillery Metz;Jason Reuter;Laure Frésard;Samskruthi R Padigepati;David A Stafford;Robert L Nussbaum;Keith Nykamp - Human genetics (2025)
- Impact of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on the Expression Pattern of Epigenetic Regulators. - Klaudia Tóth;Zsuzsanna Gaál - Cancers (2025)
... (10 更多 篇文献)
© 2025 MaltSci 麦伴科研 - 我们用人工智能技术重塑科研
