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文献精选 > 近年高分"阿尔茨海默病"研究（IF≥30，近5年）

Outdoor air pollution and cancer: An overview of the current evidence and public health recommendations. ​

文献信息 ​

DOI10.3322/caac.21632
PMID32964460
期刊CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
影响因子232.4
JCR 分区Q1
发表年份2020
被引次数231
关键词乳腺癌、癌症生存率、肺癌、颗粒物
文献类型Journal Article, Review
ISSN0007-9235
作者Michelle C Turner, Zorana J Andersen, Andrea Baccarelli, W Ryan Diver, Susan M Gapstur, C Arden Pope, Diddier Prada, Jonathan Samet, George Thurston, Aaron Cohen

一句话小结 ​

室外空气污染是全球健康的重要威胁，尤其是颗粒物（PM）与肺癌的发生和死亡率呈现明显的因果关系，每年导致数十万例肺癌死亡。该研究通过流行病学证据揭示空气污染对癌症风险的影响，并提出公共卫生干预建议，强调了进一步研究和医疗界在预防中的重要角色。

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乳腺癌 · 癌症生存率 · 肺癌 · 颗粒物

摘要 ​

室外空气污染是全球疾病负担的重要因素。全球大多数人口生活在空气污染水平显著超过世界卫生组织健康基础空气质量指南的地区，这种污染主要源于工业、发电、交通运输和家庭燃烧等排放。室外空气污染构成了一个紧迫的全球公共卫生挑战，因为它无处不在，并对人类健康产生了多种严重的不良影响，包括癌症。目前，有大量来自人类和实验动物研究的证据，以及机制性证据，支持室外（环境）空气污染，尤其是室外空气中的颗粒物（PM）与肺癌发生率和死亡率之间存在因果关系。据估计，全球每年有数十万例肺癌死亡与颗粒物空气污染有关。关于室外空气污染与其他类型癌症风险（如膀胱癌或乳腺癌）的流行病学证据相对有限。室外空气污染也可能与癌症生存率较低相关，尽管还需进一步研究。该报告概述了室外空气污染物、来源及全球水平，并描述了将室外空气污染与癌症发生率和死亡率联系起来的流行病学证据。同时还描述了空气污染引发致癌作用的生物机制。最后，该报告总结了公共卫生/政策建议，包括针对个人、社区和区域层面的多层次干预措施，同时还描述了医学和卫生保健界在预防和倡导方面的具体角色，以及对进一步研究的建议。

英文摘要 ​

Outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to the burden of disease worldwide. Most of the global population resides in places where air pollution levels, because of emissions from industry, power generation, transportation, and domestic burning, considerably exceed the World Health Organization's health-based air-quality guidelines. Outdoor air pollution poses an urgent worldwide public health challenge because it is ubiquitous and has numerous serious adverse human health effects, including cancer. Currently, there is substantial evidence from studies of humans and experimental animals as well as mechanistic evidence to support a causal link between outdoor (ambient) air pollution, and especially particulate matter (PM) in outdoor air, with lung cancer incidence and mortality. It is estimated that hundreds of thousands of lung cancer deaths annually worldwide are attributable to PM air pollution. Epidemiological evidence on outdoor air pollution and the risk of other types of cancer, such as bladder cancer or breast cancer, is more limited. Outdoor air pollution may also be associated with poorer cancer survival, although further research is needed. This report presents an overview of outdoor air pollutants, sources, and global levels, as well as a description of epidemiological evidence linking outdoor air pollution with cancer incidence and mortality. Biological mechanisms of air pollution-derived carcinogenesis are also described. This report concludes by summarizing public health/policy recommendations, including multilevel interventions aimed at individual, community, and regional scales. Specific roles for medical and health care communities with regard to prevention and advocacy and recommendations for further research are also described.

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主要研究问题 ​

  1. 在不同地区，户外空气污染对癌症影响的具体机制有哪些差异？
  2. 除了肺癌，户外空气污染与哪些其他癌症类型的关联性正在被研究？
  3. 如何评估户外空气污染对癌症生存率的影响，现有研究中存在哪些局限性？
  4. 各国在应对户外空气污染与癌症关系方面采取了哪些成功的公共卫生政策？
  5. 未来研究应如何设计，以更好地探讨户外空气污染与癌症之间的因果关系？

核心洞察 ​

研究背景和目的 ​

户外空气污染是全球疾病负担的主要贡献者之一。大多数全球人口居住在空气污染水平远高于世界卫生组织（WHO）健康标准的地区。该研究旨在综述户外空气污染与癌症之间的关系，尤其是肺癌的发病率和死亡率，并提出公共卫生政策建议。

主要方法/材料/实验设计 ​

本研究通过文献检索和分析，系统评估了户外空气污染（特别是细颗粒物PM2.5）与癌症（尤其是肺癌）之间的流行病学证据。研究设计包括对现有的流行病学研究、实验动物研究和机制研究进行汇总。

Mermaid diagram

关键结果和发现 ​

  1. 肺癌：研究表明，户外空气污染与肺癌的发病率和死亡率存在显著关联。每增加10微克/立方米的PM2.5浓度，肺癌风险增加9%至14%。
  2. 其他癌症：对膀胱癌、乳腺癌等其他类型癌症的研究相对有限，但有初步证据表明户外空气污染可能与这些癌症的发生相关。
  3. 机制：空气污染可能通过引发慢性炎症、氧化应激和基因突变等途径促进癌症的发展。

主要结论/意义/创新性 ​

该研究确认了户外空气污染（特别是PM2.5）作为肺癌的致癌因子，强调了改善空气质量对公共健康的重要性。研究的创新性在于整合了多种类型的证据（流行病学、机制研究），并提出了针对不同层面的公共卫生干预建议。

研究局限性和未来方向 ​

  1. 局限性：现有研究在癌症类型、地区和方法上存在异质性，且许多研究集中于发达国家，缺乏对低收入和中等收入国家的深入研究。
  2. 未来方向：需要进一步研究空气污染与其他癌症类型的关联，尤其是在低收入国家。同时，需评估不同公共卫生干预措施的有效性，以减少空气污染对癌症的影响。

公共卫生政策建议 ​

  1. 加强空气质量监测，特别是在高污染地区。
  2. 制定更严格的空气质量标准，降低PM2.5等污染物的排放。
  3. 提高公众对空气污染健康影响的认识，促进健康生活方式的改变。

通过多层次的公共卫生干预措施，可以有效降低空气污染带来的健康风险，尤其是癌症的发病率和死亡率。

参考文献 ​

  1. Air pollution affects lung cancer survival. - Sandrah P Eckel;Myles Cockburn;Yu-Hsiang Shu;Huiyu Deng;Frederick W Lurmann;Lihua Liu;Frank D Gilliland - Thorax (2016)
  2. Oxidative damage and carcinogenesis. - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk;Andrzej Wiczkowski - Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) (2012)
  3. Exposure to ambient air pollution in Canada and the risk of adult leukemia. - Nicholas Winters;Mark S Goldberg;Perry Hystad;Paul J Villeneuve;Kenneth C Johnson; - The Science of the total environment (2015)
  4. Long-term ambient fine particulate matter air pollution and lung cancer in a large cohort of never-smokers. - Michelle C Turner;Daniel Krewski;C Arden Pope;Yue Chen;Susan M Gapstur;Michael J Thun - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine (2011)
  5. Chronic long-term exposure to cadmium air pollution and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort. - Amina Amadou;Delphine Praud;Thomas Coudon;Aurélie M N Danjou;Elodie Faure;Karen Leffondré;Muriel Le Romancer;Gianluca Severi;Pietro Salizzoni;Francesca Romana Mancini;Béatrice Fervers - International journal of cancer (2020)
  6. Comparison of air pollution exposures in active vs. passive travel modes in European cities: A quantitative review. - Audrey de Nazelle;Olivier Bode;Juan Pablo Orjuela - Environment international (2017)
  7. Ambient air pollution and primary liver cancer incidence in four European cohorts within the ESCAPE project. - Marie Pedersen;Zorana J Andersen;Massimo Stafoggia;Gudrun Weinmayr;Claudia Galassi;Mette Sørensen;Kirsten T Eriksen;Anne Tjønneland;Steffen Loft;Andrea Jaensch;Gabriele Nagel;Hans Concin;Ming-Yi Tsai;Sara Grioni;Alessandro Marcon;Vittorio Krogh;Fulvio Ricceri;Carlotta Sacerdote;Andrea Ranzi;Ranjeet Sokhi;Roel Vermeulen;Kees de Hoogh;Meng Wang;Rob Beelen;Paolo Vineis;Bert Brunekreef;Gerard Hoek;Ole Raaschou-Nielsen - Environmental research (2017)
  8. Local action on outdoor air pollution to improve public health. - Sotiris Vardoulakis;Rachel Kettle;Paul Cosford;Paul Lincoln;Stephen Holgate;Jonathan Grigg;Frank Kelly;David Pencheon - International journal of public health (2018)
  9. Cellular Pliancy and the Multistep Process of Tumorigenesis. - Alain Puisieux;Roxane M Pommier;Anne-Pierre Morel;Fabrice Lavial - Cancer cell (2018)
  10. Association between ambient air pollution and breast cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort study. - Iona Cheng;Chiuchen Tseng;Jun Wu;Juan Yang;Shannon M Conroy;Salma Shariff-Marco;Lianfa Li;Andrew Hertz;Scarlett Lin Gomez;Loïc Le Marchand;Alice S Whittemore;Daniel O Stram;Beate Ritz;Anna H Wu - International journal of cancer (2020)

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  2. Determination of Genotoxicity Attributed to Diesel Exhaust Particles in Normal Human Embryonic Lung Cell (WI-38) Line. - Joong Won Lee;Hee Jae Lee;Young-Joo Lee;Yong-Beom Lim;Woo Jong Sim;Ji-Hye Jang;Hye-Ryeon Heo;Hyun Joung Lim;Ji-Won Jung;Jin Sik Kim - Biomolecules (2021)
  3. Recent Application of Zebrafish Models in Atherosclerosis Research. - Dandan Tang;Fang Geng;Chunxiao Yu;Ruilin Zhang - Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (2021)
  4. Self-assembled polymeric nanocarrier-mediated co-delivery of metformin and doxorubicin for melanoma therapy. - Mingming Song;Wentao Xia;Zixuan Tao;Bin Zhu;Wenxiang Zhang;Chang Liu;Siyu Chen - Drug delivery (2021)
  5. A bibliometric and visualized analysis of research progress and frontiers on health effects caused by PM2.5. - Ming Han;Fengxia Yang;Haifeng Sun - Environmental science and pollution research international (2021)
  6. Incidence trends in bladder and lung cancers between Denmark, Finland and Sweden may implicate oral tobacco (snuff/snus) as a possible risk factor. - Kari Hemminki;Asta Försti;Akseli Hemminki;Börje Ljungberg;Otto Hemminki - BMC cancer (2021)
  7. Exposure to metals and morbidity at eight years follow-up in women of childbearing age. - Isabella Karakis;Yael Baumfeld;Daniella Landau;Roni Gat;Nofar Shemesh;Maayan Yitshak-Sade;Ofir Tirosh;Batia Sarov;Lena Novack - Scientific reports (2021)
  8. Role of sex hormones in lung cancer. - Nathalie Fuentes;Miguel Silva Rodriguez;Patricia Silveyra - Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) (2021)
  9. The Association between Polluted Neighborhoods and TP53-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. - Loretta Erhunmwunsee;Sam E Wing;Jenny Shen;Hengrui Hu;Ernesto Sosa;Lisa N Lopez;Catherine Raquel;Melissa Sur;Pilar Ibarra-Noriega;Madeline Currey;Janet Lee;Jae Y Kim;Dan J Raz;Arya Amini;Sagus Sampath;Marianna Koczywas;Erminia Massarelli;Howard L West;Karen L Reckamp;Rick A Kittles;Ravi Salgia;Victoria L Seewaldt;Susan L Neuhausen;Stacy W Gray - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology (2021)
  10. Commute patterns, residential traffic-related air pollution, and lung cancer risk in the prospective UK Biobank cohort study. - Jason Y Y Wong;Rena R Jones;Charles Breeze;Batel Blechter;Nathaniel Rothman;Wei Hu;Bu-Tian Ji;Bryan A Bassig;Debra T Silverman;Qing Lan - Environment international (2021)

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