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文献精选 > 近年高分"类器官"研究（IF≥30，近5年）

Organoids in immunological research. ​

文献信息 ​

DOI10.1038/s41577-019-0248-y
PMID31853049
期刊Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子60.9
JCR 分区Q1
发表年份2020
被引次数187
关键词类器官, 免疫研究, 上皮细胞, 细胞相互作用, 癌症
文献类型Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
ISSN1474-1733
页码279-293
期号20(5)
作者Yotam E Bar-Ephraim, Kai Kretzschmar, Hans Clevers

一句话小结 ​

本综述探讨了类器官技术在免疫学研究中的应用，强调其在揭示上皮细胞与免疫细胞相互作用对组织发育、稳态及癌症等疾病影响的重要性。该研究为理解人体细胞特征提供了新视角，弥补了传统动物模型和细胞系的局限。

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类器官 · 免疫研究 · 上皮细胞 · 细胞相互作用 · 癌症

摘要 ​

我们对上皮组织与免疫系统之间相互作用的知识主要来源于动物模型和细胞系的共培养。然而，人体细胞的独特特征无法在小鼠中进行建模，而细胞系通常是经过转化或基因永生化的。类器官技术的出现为维持上皮细胞在接近天然状态下提供了强有力的工具。在本综述中，我们讨论了类器官如何在免疫学研究中被应用，以理解上皮细胞与免疫细胞之间相互作用在组织发育和稳态中的作用，以及在癌症等疾病中的影响。

英文摘要 ​

Much of our knowledge regarding the interactions between epithelial tissues and the immune system has been gathered from animal models and co-cultures with cell lines. However, unique features of human cells cannot be modelled in mice, and cell lines are often transformed or genetically immortalized. Organoid technology has emerged as a powerful tool to maintain epithelial cells in a near-native state. In this Review, we discuss how organoids are being used in immunological research to understand the role of epithelial cell-immune cell interactions in tissue development and homeostasis, as well as in diseases such as cancer.

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主要研究问题 ​

  1. 在免疫学研究中，类器官技术如何帮助揭示上皮细胞与免疫细胞相互作用的机制？
  2. 类器官模型在研究肿瘤微环境中的应用有哪些独特优势？
  3. 目前有哪些具体疾病模型是通过类器官技术来研究免疫反应的？
  4. 类器官与传统动物模型相比，在理解免疫系统的发育和稳态方面有什么不同？
  5. 如何利用类器官技术来探索上皮细胞在自身免疫疾病中的作用？

核心洞察 ​

1. 研究背景和目的 ​

本研究的背景在于传统的免疫学研究主要依赖于动物模型和细胞系的共培养，这些方法在理解上有其局限性。特别是小鼠模型无法完全模拟人类细胞的独特特性，而细胞系常常是转化或基因永生化的，导致其生物学特性与原生细胞存在差异。因此，研究的目的是探讨类器官技术如何作为一种新兴工具，能够在接近原生状态下维持上皮细胞，以更好地理解上皮细胞与免疫细胞之间的相互作用，进而探讨其在组织发育、稳态及相关疾病（如癌症）中的作用。

2. 主要方法和发现 ​

本综述文献强调了类器官在免疫学研究中的应用，特别是在模拟上皮细胞与免疫细胞的相互作用方面。研究发现，类器官不仅能够保持上皮细胞的近原生状态，还能够重现这些细胞在组织发育和疾病状态下的动态互动。这些实验模型为理解免疫细胞如何影响上皮细胞的功能提供了新的视角，尤其是在肿瘤微环境中的应用，揭示了免疫细胞对癌症发展和治疗反应的影响。

3. 核心结论 ​

综上所述，类器官技术为免疫学研究提供了一种创新的方法论，能够有效地克服传统模型的局限性，使研究者能够在更为生理相关的环境中观察上皮细胞与免疫细胞之间的相互作用。这一发现强调了类器官在解析人类特异性免疫反应和疾病机制中的重要性。

4. 研究意义和影响 ​

该研究的意义在于推动了免疫学领域的研究方法变革，提供了一种更为可靠和生理相关的实验平台。这种新技术的应用不仅有助于深化我们对上皮-免疫细胞相互作用的理解，还可能促进新型免疫治疗策略的开发，特别是在癌症等复杂疾病领域。未来，类器官技术有望成为临床前研究和个性化医疗的关键工具，为人类健康的改善做出重要贡献。

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  1. Environmental Restrictions: A New Concept Governing HIV-1 Spread Emerging from Integrated Experimental-Computational Analysis of Tissue-Like 3D Cultures. - Samy Sid Ahmed;Nils Bundgaard;Frederik Graw;Oliver T Fackler - Cells (2020)
  2. Organoid systems to study the human female reproductive tract and pregnancy. - Lama Alzamil;Konstantina Nikolakopoulou;Margherita Y Turco - Cell death and differentiation (2021)
  3. Coinfections and their molecular consequences in the porcine respiratory tract. - Georges Saade;Céline Deblanc;Juliette Bougon;Corinne Marois-Créhan;Christelle Fablet;Gaël Auray;Catherine Belloc;Mily Leblanc-Maridor;Carl A Gagnon;Jianzhong Zhu;Marcelo Gottschalk;Artur Summerfield;Gaëlle Simon;Nicolas Bertho;François Meurens - Veterinary research (2020)
  4. Bifidobacterium longum alleviates irritable bowel syndrome-related visceral hypersensitivity and microbiota dysbiosis via Paneth cell regulation. - Chunhua Zhou;Xue Fang;Jiajia Xu;Jun Gao;Ling Zhang;Jiulong Zhao;Yuting Meng;Wei Zhou;Xu Han;Yu Bai;Zhaoshen Li;Duowu Zou - Gut microbes (2020)
  5. CAR-T Cells Hit the Tumor Microenvironment: Strategies to Overcome Tumor Escape. - Alba Rodriguez-Garcia;Asis Palazon;Estela Noguera-Ortega;Daniel J Powell;Sonia Guedan - Frontiers in immunology (2020)
  6. Toward Systems Biomarkers of Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockers. - Óscar Lapuente-Santana;Federica Eduati - Frontiers in oncology (2020)
  7. Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for a basic understanding of cancer biology and its translation into efficient therapies. - Ingeborg Tinhofer;Diana Braunholz;Konrad Klinghammer - Cancers of the head & neck (2020)
  8. C-Type Lectin Receptors in Host Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens. - Malgorzata E Mnich;Rob van Dalen;Nina M van Sorge - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology (2020)
  9. Fine-Needle Aspiration-Based Patient-Derived Cancer Organoids. - Anna E Vilgelm;Kensey Bergdorf;Melissa Wolf;Vijaya Bharti;Rebecca Shattuck-Brandt;Ashlyn Blevins;Caroline Jones;Courtney Phifer;Mason Lee;Cindy Lowe;Rachel Hongo;Kelli Boyd;James Netterville;Sarah Rohde;Kamran Idrees;Joshua A Bauer;David Westover;Bradley Reinfeld;Naira Baregamian;Ann Richmond;W Kimryn Rathmell;Ethan Lee;Oliver G McDonald;Vivian L Weiss - iScience (2020)
  10. Molecular and Cellular Complexity of Glioma. Focus on Tumour Microenvironment and the Use of Molecular and Imaging Biomarkers to Overcome Treatment Resistance. - Silvia Valtorta;Daniela Salvatore;Paolo Rainone;Sara Belloli;Gloria Bertoli;Rosa Maria Moresco - International journal of molecular sciences (2020)

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