Appearance
Exosome-orchestrated hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
文献信息
| DOI | 10.1186/s12943-019-0982-6 |
|---|---|
| PMID | 30925935 |
| 期刊 | Molecular cancer |
| 影响因子 | 33.9 |
| JCR 分区 | Q1 |
| 发表年份 | 2019 |
| 被引次数 | 158 |
| 关键词 | 外泌体, 细胞外囊泡, 缺氧, 非编码RNA, 肿瘤微环境 |
| 文献类型 | Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review |
| ISSN | 1476-4598 |
| 页码 | 57 |
| 期号 | 18(1) |
| 作者 | Wanrong Meng, Yaying Hao, Chuanshi He, Ling Li, Guiquan Zhu |
一句话小结
本综述探讨了缺氧肿瘤微环境中癌细胞与基质细胞之间的相互作用,强调外泌体在这一过程中所发挥的多向信号传递功能,揭示其对缺氧适应性及微环境重建的调节作用。该研究为理解肿瘤的侵袭性和治疗反应提供了新的视角,有助于开发针对肿瘤缺氧微环境的新疗法。
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外泌体 · 细胞外囊泡 · 缺氧 · 非编码RNA · 肿瘤微环境
摘要
缺氧肿瘤微环境是实体肿瘤的一个常见特征,与肿瘤的侵袭性和患者的不良预后密切相关。研究发现,癌细胞与缺氧微环境中的基质细胞之间存在持续的相互干扰,这在癌症发展和治疗反应性中具有重要意义。外泌体最初被认为是细胞内不需要物质的“垃圾箱”,但现在已被阐明具有多种功能,能够在细胞微环境中进行相互作用,因为它们能够携带包括脂质、蛋白质、核酸和代谢物在内的众多货物。外泌体介导的癌细胞与基质之间的持续干扰被认为能够调节缺氧适应性,并反过来重建微环境。在本综述中,我们将讨论文献中关于外泌体介导的多向和相互信号传递在缺氧癌症微环境中各种细胞类型之间的知识。
英文摘要
Hypoxic tumor microenvironment is a common feature of solid tumors and is associated with aggressiveness and poor patient outcomes. A continuous interference between cancer cells and stromal cells within the hypoxic microenvironment has been uncovered for its importance in cancer development and treatment responsiveness. Exosomes, initially considered as "garbage bins" for unwanted material from cells, are now elucidated to perform a variety of functions that involve interactions within the cellular microenvironment due to their ability to carry numerous cargoes, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. Exosome-mediated continuous interference between cancer cells and stroma are believed to regulate hypoxia-adaptation and to rebuild the microenvironment in return. In this review, we will discuss the knowledge in literature with respect to the exosome-mediated multi-directional and mutual signal transmission among the variety of cell types within hypoxic cancer microenvironment.
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主要研究问题
- 如何评估外泌体在肿瘤缺氧微环境中调节信号传递的具体机制?
- 外泌体在不同类型的肿瘤缺氧微环境中表现出的功能是否存在差异?
- 在缺氧肿瘤微环境中,外泌体如何影响免疫细胞的功能和反应?
- 有哪些治疗策略可以针对外泌体的作用来改善缺氧微环境对癌症治疗的影响?
- 外泌体中携带的特定分子如何影响肿瘤细胞的适应性和生存能力?
核心洞察
研究背景和目的
肿瘤微环境(TME)是癌症发展和治疗反应的重要因素,其中缺氧是固体肿瘤的常见特征。缺氧环境与肿瘤的侵袭性和患者预后不良相关。本文旨在探讨外泌体在缺氧肿瘤微环境中的作用,特别是它们如何介导癌细胞与基质细胞之间的信号传递,影响肿瘤的适应性和发展。
主要方法/材料/实验设计
本研究采用文献综述的方法,系统总结了外泌体在缺氧微环境中的作用机制,特别是它们在肿瘤细胞和基质细胞之间的相互作用。
关键结果和发现
- 外泌体的功能:外泌体不仅是细胞内废物的清除者,还携带多种生物活性分子(如脂质、蛋白质、核酸等),在细胞间传递信号。
- 缺氧对外泌体产生的影响:缺氧条件下,癌细胞会增加外泌体的产生,主要通过缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)介导的机制。
- 外泌体在肿瘤中的作用:
- 促进肿瘤侵袭和转移:外泌体携带的蛋白质(如MMPs)和非编码RNA(如miR-21)可以促进肿瘤细胞的侵袭性。
- 调节肿瘤微环境:外泌体通过影响基质细胞(如成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞等)的功能,促进肿瘤的血管生成和免疫逃逸。
主要结论/意义/创新性
外泌体在缺氧肿瘤微环境中发挥了关键作用,通过调节细胞间的信号传递,影响肿瘤的生物学特性。这一发现为肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗提供了新的思路,尤其是在利用外泌体作为生物标志物或治疗载体方面。
研究局限性和未来方向
- 局限性:目前对外泌体的研究仍主要集中在肿瘤细胞来源的外泌体,基质细胞来源的外泌体的作用尚未充分探讨。
- 未来方向:未来的研究应着重于揭示不同来源外泌体的功能,特别是在缺氧微环境中的作用机制,以及它们在癌症治疗中的潜在应用。
| 部分 | 内容 |
|---|---|
| 研究背景和目的 | 探讨外泌体在缺氧肿瘤微环境中的作用,分析其对肿瘤发展的影响。 |
| 主要方法 | 文献综述,分析外泌体的生物学功能和在缺氧环境中的调节机制。 |
| 关键结果 | 外泌体通过携带信号分子促进肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移,缺氧条件下外泌体的产生增加。 |
| 主要结论 | 外泌体在缺氧微环境中具有重要的生物学意义,可能成为新的诊断和治疗靶点。 |
| 研究局限性 | 对基质细胞来源外泌体的研究不足,未来需要更多的实验证据支持。 |
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