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A blueprint for cancer screening and early detection: Advancing screening's contribution to cancer control.

文献信息

DOI10.3322/caac.21550
PMID30452086
期刊CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
影响因子232.4
JCR 分区Q1
发表年份2019
被引次数49
关键词乳腺肿瘤、宫颈肿瘤、结直肠肿瘤、肺肿瘤、集体筛查
文献类型Journal Article
ISSN0007-9235
页码50-79
期号69(1)
作者Richard C Wender, Otis W Brawley, Stacey A Fedewa, Ted Gansler, Robert A Smith

一句话小结

本研究回顾了癌症筛查的现状,指出尽管早期发现和治疗显著降低了多种癌症的发病率和死亡率,但现有技术的潜力未得到充分利用,特别是在覆盖目标人群和提供先进护理方面。作者提出了一项蓝图,旨在推动筛查技术的发展和应用,以增强其在癌症控制中的贡献。

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乳腺肿瘤 · 宫颈肿瘤 · 结直肠肿瘤 · 肺肿瘤 · 集体筛查

摘要

从20世纪中叶开始,越来越多的证据支持开展子宫颈癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和直肠癌、前列腺癌(通过共享决策)以及肺癌的筛查。早期发现和治疗前驱病变及侵袭性疾病的机会在很大程度上降低了癌症的发病率、疾病负担和死亡率。然而,随着新发现预示着技术和基于风险的筛查的进步,我们未能充分发挥现有技术的最大潜力,无论是在目标人群中的全面覆盖,还是在成功癌症筛查的各个关键环节中提供最先进的护理方面。此外,投资新技术开发、激励新思想发展以及快速评估有前景的新技术的承诺也不足。在本报告中,作者总结了癌症筛查的现状,并提出了一项蓝图,以进一步推动筛查对癌症控制的贡献。

英文摘要

From the mid-20th century, accumulating evidence has supported the introduction of screening for cancers of the cervix, breast, colon and rectum, prostate (via shared decisions), and lung. The opportunity to detect and treat precursor lesions and invasive disease at a more favorable stage has contributed substantially to reduced incidence, morbidity, and mortality. However, as new discoveries portend advancements in technology and risk-based screening, we fail to fulfill the greatest potential of the existing technology, in terms of both full access among the target population and the delivery of state-of-the art care at each crucial step in the cascade of events that characterize successful cancer screening. There also is insufficient commitment to invest in the development of new technologies, incentivize the development of new ideas, and rapidly evaluate promising new technology. In this report, the authors summarize the status of cancer screening and propose a blueprint for the nation to further advance the contribution of screening to cancer control.

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主要研究问题

  1. 在癌症筛查的技术进步中,如何确保新技术能够被广泛接受和应用?
  2. 除了现有的癌症筛查技术外,还有哪些新兴技术可能会改变癌症早期检测的格局?
  3. 在不同人群中,如何制定个性化的癌症筛查策略以提高筛查的有效性?
  4. 针对低筛查率的群体,应该采取哪些措施以提高其参与癌症筛查的积极性?
  5. 在推进癌症筛查和早期检测的过程中,如何平衡成本效益与技术创新的投资?

核心洞察

1. 研究背景和目的

自20世纪中叶以来,关于癌症筛查的证据逐渐积累,支持对宫颈癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌(通过共享决策)和肺癌进行筛查。早期发现和治疗癌前病变及侵袭性疾病的机会显著降低了癌症的发生率、发病率和死亡率。然而,尽管新技术和基于风险的筛查方法不断涌现,现有技术的最大潜力尚未得到充分利用,特别是在目标人群的全面接入和在每个关键步骤提供先进护理方面。因此,本研究旨在总结当前癌症筛查的现状,并提出一套蓝图,以进一步推动筛查在癌症控制中的贡献。

2. 主要方法和发现

本报告通过文献综述和分析,系统总结了癌症筛查的发展历程、现状及其对癌症控制的影响,指出现存问题,包括目标人群的筛查覆盖不足、技术应用的不平衡及对新技术开发的资金投入不足。同时,报告强调了在筛查过程中快速评估和验证新技术的必要性,从而提高筛查的有效性和效率。研究显示,尽管已有的筛查技术能够显著降低癌症相关的健康负担,但仍需克服多重障碍,以实现其潜力。

3. 核心结论

该研究认为,为了最大化癌症筛查的贡献,有必要建立一套全面的蓝图,涵盖技术开发、政策支持和公众教育等多方面内容。通过加强对新技术的投资、激励创新思维,以及建立快速评估新技术的机制,能够有效提升筛查的覆盖率和质量。此外,改善筛查的可及性和确保在整个筛查过程中提供高标准护理是实现癌症控制目标的关键。

4. 研究意义和影响

本研究对癌症筛查领域具有重要的理论和实践意义。提出的蓝图不仅为政策制定者和公共卫生机构提供了清晰的方向,也为相关技术研发提供了框架指导。通过推动癌症筛查的普及和技术创新,可以有效降低癌症的发病率和死亡率,改善公众健康水平。同时,该研究也呼吁社会各界对癌症筛查的重视,促进资源的合理配置和利用,以实现更高效的癌症控制策略。

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  2. The Advent of Salivary Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection Using Affinity Sensors. - Imad Abrao Nemeir;Joseph Saab;Walid Hleihel;Abdelhamid Errachid;Nicole Jafferzic-Renault;Nadia Zine - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) (2019)
  3. Toward precision medicine based on the molecular landscape of carcinoma in situ of the bronchus: is it realistic for patients with pre-invasive lung disease? - Paul Hofman - Journal of thoracic disease (2019)
  4. Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome. - Ziying Zhang;Haosheng Tang;Peng Chen;Hui Xie;Yongguang Tao - Signal transduction and targeted therapy (2019)
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  6. Identification of Circulating MicroRNAs as a Promising Diagnostic Biomarker for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Early Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. - Yao Jiang;Zuohong Hu;Zhihua Zuo;Yiqin Li;Fei Pu;Biqiong Wang;Yan Tang;Yongcan Guo;Hualin Tao - BioMed research international (2020)
  7. lncRNA STEAP3-AS1 Modulates Cell Cycle Progression via Affecting CDKN1C Expression through STEAP3 in Colon Cancer. - Heya Na;Xiaomeng Li;Xinsheng Zhang;Yue Xu;Yuzhu Sun;Jingyi Cui;Zihao Chen;Xiaomeng Shi;Shuangyi Ren;Yunfei Zuo - Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids (2020)
  8. Target Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath for Lung Cancer Discrimination from Other Pulmonary Diseases and Healthy Persons. - Michalis Koureas;Paraskevi Kirgou;Grigoris Amoutzias;Christos Hadjichristodoulou;Konstantinos Gourgoulianis;Andreas Tsakalof - Metabolites (2020)
  9. CD16 expression on neutrophils predicts treatment efficacy of capecitabine in colorectal cancer patients. - Yu Lu;Yizhou Huang;Lei Huang;Yanjie Xu;Zien Wang;Han Li;Ting Zhang;Ming Zhong;Wei-Qiang Gao;Yan Zhang - BMC immunology (2020)
  10. Promise of Smartphone-Enabled Teleconsultation for Global Cancer Prevention. - Paul C Pearlman - JCO global oncology (2020)

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