Appearance
Parkinson's disease.
文献信息
| PMID | 25904081 |
|---|---|
| 期刊 | Lancet (London, England) |
| 发表年份 | 2015 |
| 被引次数 | 2635 |
| 文献类型 | Journal Article, Review |
| ISSN | 0140-6736 |
| 页码 | 896-912 |
| 期号 | 386(9996) |
| 作者 | Lorraine V Kalia, Anthony E Lang |
一句话小结
本研究探讨了帕金森病的复杂性及其非运动特征,指出该病不仅涉及与路易小体相关的运动症状,还受到遗传和环境因素的复杂交互影响,影响多种细胞过程。研究强调了早期诊断和后期症状管理的临床挑战,以及目前缺乏有效减缓神经退行性过程的治疗方法,指出对帕金森病的深入理解对改善患者预后具有重要意义。
摘要
帕金森病是一种神经系统疾病,具有不断发展的复杂性。它长期以来以与路易小体相关的帕金森症经典运动特征和黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失为特征。然而,帕金森病的症状现在被认为是多样化的,具有临床显著的非运动特征。同样,其病理涉及神经系统的广泛区域,各种神经递质,以及除了路易小体之外的蛋白质聚集体。帕金森病的病因仍不明确,但发展帕金森病的风险不再仅仅被视为与环境因素有关。相反,帕金森病似乎是遗传和环境因素复杂相互作用的结果,这些因素影响了许多基本的细胞过程。帕金森病的复杂性伴随着临床挑战,包括在疾病早期阶段无法做出明确诊断,以及在后期阶段管理症状的困难。此外,目前没有能够减缓神经退行性过程的治疗方法。在本研讨会上,我们将回顾帕金森病的这些复杂性和挑战。
英文摘要
Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder with evolving layers of complexity. It has long been characterised by the classical motor features of parkinsonism associated with Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. However, the symptomatology of Parkinson's disease is now recognised as heterogeneous, with clinically significant non-motor features. Similarly, its pathology involves extensive regions of the nervous system, various neurotransmitters, and protein aggregates other than just Lewy bodies. The cause of Parkinson's disease remains unknown, but risk of developing Parkinson's disease is no longer viewed as primarily due to environmental factors. Instead, Parkinson's disease seems to result from a complicated interplay of genetic and environmental factors affecting numerous fundamental cellular processes. The complexity of Parkinson's disease is accompanied by clinical challenges, including an inability to make a definitive diagnosis at the earliest stages of the disease and difficulties in the management of symptoms at later stages. Furthermore, there are no treatments that slow the neurodegenerative process. In this Seminar, we review these complexities and challenges of Parkinson's disease.
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主要研究问题
- 除了经典的运动症状,帕金森病的非运动症状有哪些临床表现?
- 在帕金森病的病理机制中,除了路易小体,哪些其他蛋白质聚集体可能起到重要作用?
- 当前对于帕金森病的遗传和环境因素的研究有哪些新进展?
- 帕金森病的早期诊断面临哪些具体挑战?有没有新的技术或方法可以改善这一点?
- 在管理帕金森病的症状时,现有的治疗方法有哪些局限性?未来可能的治疗方向是什么?
核心洞察
研究背景和目的
帕金森病是一种复杂的神经系统疾病,传统上以帕金森症的经典运动特征、路易小体的形成以及黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失为特征。然而,近年来研究发现,帕金森病的症状表现呈现出异质性,临床上非运动特征同样显著,病理变化涉及神经系统广泛区域、多种神经递质及除路易小体以外的蛋白质聚集体。尽管帕金森病的确切病因尚不清楚,研究表明其发病机制是遗传与环境因素复杂交互作用的结果。本研究旨在探讨帕金森病的复杂性及其临床挑战,包括早期诊断和晚期症状管理的困难。主要方法和发现
本研究采用文献综述的方法,系统分析了帕金森病的病理特征、症状表现及其潜在的发病机制。发现帕金森病不仅仅是由于环境因素造成的,遗传因素也在病理过程中扮演重要角色。此外,研究指出,早期阶段难以做出明确的诊断,且在疾病晚期,症状管理面临诸多挑战。目前尚无治疗手段能够减缓神经退行性过程。核心结论
帕金森病的复杂性体现在其多样的临床表现及病理机制上,显示出疾病的非运动症状与多种生物标志物的相关性。虽然传统的环境因素理论被重新审视,但遗传因素的影响同样不容忽视。临床上,缺乏有效的早期诊断方法和减缓疾病进展的治疗手段,增加了对患者的管理难度。研究意义和影响
本研究对理解帕金森病的复杂性及其发病机制具有重要意义,为未来的研究方向提供了新的视角。通过深入探讨遗传与环境因素的交互作用,可能为开发新的诊断工具和治疗策略奠定基础。此外,认识到非运动特征的重要性,有助于改善患者的整体护理和生活质量,从而推动神经科学领域的发展。
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