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An ER-mitochondria tethering complex revealed by a synthetic biology screen.

文献信息

DOI10.1126/science.1175088
PMID19556461
期刊Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子45.8
JCR 分区Q1
发表年份2009
被引次数680
关键词内质网, 线粒体, 连接复合体, 磷脂生物合成, 钙信号
文献类型Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN0036-8075
页码477-81
期号325(5939)
作者Benoît Kornmann, Erin Currie, Sean R Collins, Maya Schuldiner, Jodi Nunnari, Jonathan S Weissman, Peter Walter

一句话小结

本研究揭示了Mmm1/Mdm10/Mdm12/Mdm34复合物作为线粒体与内质网之间的分子连接物,表明其组分与磷脂生物合成和钙信号转导相关。该发现为理解细胞器之间的通讯机制及其在细胞功能中的重要性提供了新的视角。

在麦伴科研 (maltsci.com) 搜索更多文献

内质网 · 线粒体 · 连接复合体 · 磷脂生物合成 · 钙信号

摘要

细胞器之间的通讯是所有真核细胞的重要特征。为了揭示参与线粒体/内质网(ER)交界处的组分,我们筛选了能够被设计用于人工连接这两种细胞器的合成蛋白补充的突变体。我们确定了Mmm1/Mdm10/Mdm12/Mdm34复合物作为ER和线粒体之间的分子连接物。该连接复合物由存在于ER和线粒体中的蛋白质组成。通过使用全基因组遗传相互作用的映射,我们展示了连接复合物的组分在功能上与磷脂生物合成和钙信号转导基因相关联。在突变体细胞中,磷脂生物合成受到损害。连接复合物定位于离散的焦点,提示ER和线粒体之间的紧密接触的离散位点促进了细胞器之间的钙和磷脂交换。

英文摘要

Communication between organelles is an important feature of all eukaryotic cells. To uncover components involved in mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) junctions, we screened for mutants that could be complemented by a synthetic protein designed to artificially tether the two organelles. We identified the Mmm1/Mdm10/Mdm12/Mdm34 complex as a molecular tether between ER and mitochondria. The tethering complex was composed of proteins resident of both ER and mitochondria. With the use of genome-wide mapping of genetic interactions, we showed that the components of the tethering complex were functionally connected to phospholipid biosynthesis and calcium-signaling genes. In mutant cells, phospholipid biosynthesis was impaired. The tethering complex localized to discrete foci, suggesting that discrete sites of close apposition between ER and mitochondria facilitate interorganelle calcium and phospholipid exchange.

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主要研究问题

  1. 在Mmm1/Mdm10/Mdm12/Mdm34复合体中,各个蛋白质的具体功能是什么?
  2. 这种合成生物学筛选方法在其他细胞器相互作用的研究中是否有应用?
  3. 该研究中提到的磷脂合成和钙信号基因的相互作用具体如何影响细胞功能?
  4. 在不同类型的细胞中,ER-线粒体的连接是否存在差异?如果有,这种差异对细胞功能有什么影响?
  5. 该研究结果对理解线粒体与内质网之间的病理关系有何启示?

核心洞察

研究背景和目的

细胞器之间的相互作用是真核细胞功能的重要特征。研究者们旨在揭示线粒体与内质网(ER)之间的连接机制,特别是探讨它们之间的接触点及其生理功能。该研究通过合成生物学筛选技术,识别出一种新的ER-线粒体连接复合物。

主要方法/材料/实验设计

研究者们使用酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)作为模型生物,设计了一种合成蛋白ChiMERA,旨在人工连接ER和线粒体。该蛋白由一个线粒体信号序列、绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和一个ER锚定序列组成。

Mermaid diagram
  1. 突变体筛选:筛选能够通过ChiMERA补偿的突变体。
  2. 合成蛋白设计:构建包含线粒体和ER靶向序列的ChiMERA。
  3. 细胞实验:在不同基因缺失的酵母菌中表达ChiMERA,观察其对细胞生长和线粒体形态的影响。
  4. 基因互作分析:通过全基因组互作分析,确定ERMES复合物与磷脂合成及钙信号通路的关联。

关键结果和发现

  • 研究发现Mmm1/Mdm10/Mdm12/Mdm34复合物作为ER和线粒体之间的分子连接器(ERMES),并揭示其在磷脂合成和钙信号转导中的重要性。
  • 在缺失ERMES组分的突变体中,线粒体形态发生改变,且磷脂合成受损。
  • ChiMERA的表达能够部分恢复这些突变体的生长缺陷和线粒体形态。

主要结论/意义/创新性

本研究首次确认了ERMES复合物在ER和线粒体之间的机械连接功能,提供了理解细胞器之间相互作用的新视角。该研究不仅揭示了合成生物学在基础研究中的应用潜力,也为未来的生物医学研究提供了新的方向,特别是在细胞器功能障碍相关疾病的研究中。

研究局限性和未来方向

尽管研究揭示了ERMES的基本功能,但对其具体机制和在不同生理状态下的调控仍需进一步探索。未来的研究可以集中在:

  • ERMES复合物的动态变化及其在细胞周期不同阶段的功能。
  • 其他可能参与ER和线粒体接触的蛋白质及其相互作用网络。
  • 在更复杂的多细胞生物中验证ERMES的功能及其生理意义。

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  3. Eukaryotic systems broaden the scope of synthetic biology. - Karmella A Haynes;Pamela A Silver - The Journal of cell biology (2009)
  4. Shaping the mitochondrion: mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics and dysfunction. Conference on Mitochondrial Assembly and Dynamics in Health and Disease. - Janet M Shaw;Dennis R Winge - EMBO reports (2009)
  5. The utilization of pathogen-like cellular trafficking by single chain block copolymer. - Gaurav Sahay;Vivek Gautam;Robert Luxenhofer;Alexander V Kabanov - Biomaterials (2010)
  6. Potential therapeutic benefits of strategies directed to mitochondria. - Amadou K S Camara;Edward J Lesnefsky;David F Stowe - Antioxidants & redox signaling (2010)
  7. Towards accurate imputation of quantitative genetic interactions. - Igor Ulitsky;Nevan J Krogan;Ron Shamir - Genome biology (2009)
  8. A genome-wide screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals a critical role for the mitochondria in the toxicity of a trichothecene mycotoxin. - John E McLaughlin;Mohamed Anwar Bin-Umer;Andrew Tortora;Natasha Mendez;Susan McCormick;Nilgun E Tumer - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2009)
  9. Degradation of host sphingomyelin is essential for Leishmania virulence. - Ou Zhang;Mattie C Wilson;Wei Xu;Fong-Fu Hsu;John Turk;F Matthew Kuhlmann;Yingwei Wang;Lynn Soong;Phillip Key;Stephen M Beverley;Kai Zhang - PLoS pathogens (2009)
  10. Compounds from an unbiased chemical screen reverse both ER-to-Golgi trafficking defects and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease models. - Linhui Julie Su;Pavan K Auluck;Tiago Fleming Outeiro;Esti Yeger-Lotem;Joshua A Kritzer;Daniel F Tardiff;Katherine E Strathearn;Fang Liu;Songsong Cao;Shusei Hamamichi;Kathryn J Hill;Kim A Caldwell;George W Bell;Ernest Fraenkel;Antony A Cooper;Guy A Caldwell;J Michael McCaffery;Jean-Christophe Rochet;Susan Lindquist - Disease models & mechanisms (2010)

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