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MRI of the tumor microenvironment.

文献信息

DOI10.1002/jmri.10181
PMID12353258
期刊Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
影响因子3.5
JCR 分区Q1
发表年份2002
被引次数232
关键词肿瘤微环境, 缺氧, 酸性, 血管分布, 核磁共振
文献类型Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review
ISSN1053-1807
页码430-50
期号16(4)
作者Robert J Gillies, Natarajan Raghunand, Gregory S Karczmar, Zaver M Bhujwalla

一句话小结

本文综述了肿瘤微环境的独特特征,尤其是缺氧和酸性对肿瘤治疗及转移表型的影响,并介绍了近年来出现的高分辨率、分子特异性的探测技术,如核磁共振(NMR)、电子磁共振和光学成像等,这些技术为理解肿瘤微环境的成因及其生物学意义提供了新视角。研究结果强调了深入了解肿瘤微环境对改善治疗策略的重要性。

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肿瘤微环境 · 缺氧 · 酸性 · 血管分布 · 核磁共振

摘要

肿瘤内的微环境与正常组织显著不同。一个主要的区别在于肿瘤的血管结构混乱,导致血液供应不均衡和显著的灌注异质性。因此,肿瘤内的许多区域处于短暂或长期的缺氧状态。这加剧了肿瘤细胞自然倾向于过度产生酸的现象,导致非常酸性的pH值。肿瘤的缺氧和酸性对抗肿瘤治疗具有重要影响,并可能促使肿瘤向更具侵袭性的转移表型发展。在过去十年中,出现了一些技术,能够以高分辨率和分子特异性探针对肿瘤微环境进行研究。这些技术能够在活体组织中相对高精度地非破坏性地检测灌注、血管分布、pH和pO(2)。采用这些方法的研究为敌对的肿瘤微环境的成因和后果提供了新的见解。此外,令人兴奋的是,出现了一些通过不明机制产生肿瘤影像对比的技术。阐明这些机制将有助于进一步了解肿瘤微环境。本文综述旨在识别技术及其在肿瘤生物学中的应用,重点讨论核磁共振(NMR)方法。同时也讨论了电子磁共振、光学成像和放射性核素成像技术的相关实例。

英文摘要

The microenvironment within tumors is significantly different from that in normal tissues. A major difference is seen in the chaotic vasculature of tumors, which results in unbalanced blood supply and significant perfusion heterogeneities. As a consequence, many regions within tumors are transiently or chronically hypoxic. This exacerbates tumor cells' natural tendency to overproduce acids, resulting in very acidic pH values. The hypoxia and acidity of tumors have important consequences for antitumor therapy and can contribute to the progression of tumors to a more aggressive metastatic phenotype. Over the past decade, techniques have emerged that allow the interrogation of the tumor microenvironment with high resolution and molecularly specific probes. Techniques are available to interrogate perfusion, vascular distribution, pH, and pO(2) nondestructively in living tissues with relatively high precision. Studies employing these methods have provided new insights into the causes and consequences of the hostile tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, it is quite exciting that there are emerging techniques that generate tumor image contrast via ill-defined mechanisms. Elucidation of these mechanisms will yield further insights into the tumor microenvironment. This review attempts to identify techniques and their application to tumor biology, with an emphasis on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) approaches. Examples are also discussed using electron MR, optical, and radionuclear imaging techniques.

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主要研究问题

  1. 如何评估不同成像技术在肿瘤微环境研究中的有效性和适用性?
  2. 肿瘤微环境中的低氧和酸性如何影响免疫治疗的效果?
  3. 在肿瘤微环境研究中,分子特异性探针的选择对结果有何影响?
  4. 新兴的成像技术如何改变我们对肿瘤微环境的理解?
  5. 近年来在肿瘤微环境研究中取得的重大进展有哪些,特别是在NMR技术方面?

核心洞察

1. 研究背景和目的

肿瘤微环境与正常组织存在显著差异,尤其是在肿瘤的血管结构和供血模式方面。肿瘤内部的血管分布错综复杂,导致血供失衡和灌注异质性,许多肿瘤区域出现短暂或长期缺氧现象。此外,肿瘤细胞倾向于过量产生酸性物质,造成肿瘤微环境的酸性pH值升高。这些特征不仅影响抗肿瘤治疗的效果,还可能促使肿瘤向更具侵袭性的转移性表型发展。因此,研究肿瘤微环境的特征及其对治疗效果的影响具有重要的科学意义和临床价值。

2. 主要方法和发现

近年来,已经出现了多种高分辨率、分子特异性的探测技术,能够无损地探测活体组织中的灌注、血管分布、pH值和氧分压(pO₂)。这些技术的应用使得研究者能够深入剖析肿瘤微环境的成因及其后果。文献中提到的技术包括核磁共振(NMR)以及电子磁共振、光学成像和放射性核成像等方法。通过这些技术,研究者们能够获得肿瘤微环境的新的见解,尤其是与血流动力学、缺氧和酸性环境相关的因素。

3. 核心结论

该研究总结了肿瘤微环境的关键特征,强调了肿瘤内部的缺氧和酸性状态对肿瘤进展和治疗的影响。研究指出,肿瘤微环境的复杂性不仅影响肿瘤生物学,还可能为新的治疗策略提供机会。通过对现有成像技术的深入分析,研究揭示了肿瘤微环境的多样性,并指出了未来研究的方向,尤其是探讨新兴成像技术所产生的肿瘤图像对比机制。

4. 研究意义和影响

本研究为理解肿瘤微环境的动态特性提供了重要的实验基础,强调了对肿瘤生物学的深入洞察对改善治疗效果的重要性。研究结果不仅为基础研究提供了新的视角,也对临床应用具有潜在的影响,通过优化成像技术,可以更好地指导个性化治疗方案的制定,从而提高抗肿瘤治疗的成功率。此外,揭示肿瘤微环境的复杂性可能促进新型抗肿瘤药物的开发和临床转化,推动肿瘤治疗领域的发展。

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  10. The NHERF1 PDZ2 domain regulates PKA-RhoA-p38-mediated NHE1 activation and invasion in breast tumor cells. - Rosa A Cardone;Antonia Bellizzi;Giovanni Busco;Edward J Weinman;Maria E Dell'Aquila;Valeria Casavola;Amalia Azzariti;Anita Mangia;Angelo Paradiso;Stephan J Reshkin - Molecular biology of the cell (2007)

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