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Curated Papers > Recent high-impact research on "liquid biopsy" (IF ≥ 30, last 5 years)

Optical nanomaterial-based detection of biomarkers in liquid biopsy. ​

Literature Information ​

DOI10.1186/s13045-024-01531-y
PMID38486294
JournalJournal of hematology & oncology
Impact Factor40.4
JCR QuartileQ1
Publication Year2024
Times Cited15
KeywordsCirculating exosomes, Circulating tumor DNAs, Circulating tumor cells, Circulating tumor markers, Liquid biopsy
Literature TypeJournal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN1756-8722
Pages10
Issue17(1)
AuthorsYoung Jun Kim, Won-Yeop Rho, Seung-Min Park, Bong-Hyun Jun

TL;DR ​

This review highlights the potential of optical biosensors utilizing nanomaterials in liquid biopsy as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsy for early disease diagnosis and monitoring. By summarizing recent advancements in tailored optical nanomaterials for the sensitive detection of various biomarkers, the study addresses the challenges posed by their rarity amidst normal cellular components, thereby paving the way for improved diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in clinical settings.

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Circulating exosomes · Circulating tumor DNAs · Circulating tumor cells · Circulating tumor markers · Liquid biopsy

Abstract ​

Liquid biopsy, which is a minimally invasive procedure as an alternative to tissue biopsy, has been introduced as a new diagnostic/prognostic measure. By screening disease-related markers from the blood or other biofluids, it promises early diagnosis, timely prognostication, and effective treatment of the diseases. However, there will be a long way until its realization due to its conceptual and practical challenges. The biomarkers detected by liquid biopsy, such as circulating tumor cell (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), are extraordinarily rare and often obscured by an abundance of normal cellular components, necessitating ultra-sensitive and accurate detection methods for the advancement of liquid biopsy techniques. Optical biosensors based on nanomaterials open an important opportunity in liquid biopsy because of their enhanced sensing performance with simple and practical properties. In this review article, we summarized recent innovations in optical nanomaterials to demonstrate the sensitive detection of protein, peptide, ctDNA, miRNA, exosome, and CTCs. Each study prepares the optical nanomaterials with a tailored design to enhance the sensing performance and to meet the requirements of each biomarker. The unique optical characteristics of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), quantum dots, upconversion NPs, silica NPs, polymeric NPs, and carbon nanomaterials are exploited for sensitive detection mechanisms. These recent advances in liquid biopsy using optical nanomaterials give us an opportunity to overcome challenging issues and provide a resource for understanding the unknown characteristics of the biomarkers as well as the mechanism of the disease.

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Primary Questions Addressed ​

  1. What are the specific challenges faced in the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using optical nanomaterials?
  2. How do different types of optical nanomaterials compare in terms of sensitivity and specificity for detecting various biomarkers in liquid biopsy?
  3. What recent innovations in optical nanomaterials have shown the most promise for improving liquid biopsy techniques?
  4. In what ways can the integration of optical biosensors enhance the overall effectiveness of liquid biopsy compared to traditional methods?
  5. How might the unique optical properties of quantum dots and metallic nanoparticles be optimized for specific applications in liquid biopsy diagnostics?

Key Findings ​

Research Background and Objectives ​

Liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. This technique allows for the detection of biomarkers such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and exosomes in blood or other biofluids, promising early diagnosis and better disease management. However, the low abundance of these biomarkers amidst normal cellular components presents significant challenges for detection. This review focuses on recent advancements in optical nanomaterials that enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of biomarker detection in liquid biopsies.

Main Methods/Materials/Experimental Design ​

The review systematically categorizes recent studies on optical nanomaterials used for detecting various biomarkers, including proteins, peptides, ctDNA, microRNAs, exosomes, and CTCs. The following flowchart illustrates the overall research design:

Mermaid diagram
  1. Nanomaterials: The review highlights the use of various nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticles (Au, Ag), quantum dots (QDs), upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), and carbon-based nanomaterials, emphasizing their unique optical properties and functionalities.
  2. Detection Techniques: Different detection methods are discussed, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and electrochemiluminescence (ECL), which are tailored to enhance sensitivity for specific biomarkers.

Key Results and Findings ​

  1. Sensitivity Improvements: Recent studies have reported significant improvements in detection limits (LOD) for various biomarkers. For example, LODs for proteins like alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) have reached levels as low as 3.3 fg/mL.
  2. Multiplexed Detection: Several studies demonstrated the capability of simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers, which is crucial for comprehensive disease profiling.
  3. Innovative Applications: The review also covers cutting-edge applications, such as wearable devices for real-time monitoring of biomarkers, indicating a trend towards practical clinical implementations.

Main Conclusions/Significance/Innovation ​

The integration of optical nanomaterials in liquid biopsy techniques represents a significant advancement in non-invasive cancer diagnostics. These innovations not only enhance the sensitivity and specificity of biomarker detection but also facilitate the understanding of tumor heterogeneity and disease progression. The review underscores the potential of liquid biopsies to revolutionize cancer diagnostics and patient management, moving from theoretical concepts to practical applications in clinical settings.

Research Limitations and Future Directions ​

  1. Technical Challenges: Despite advancements, the field faces challenges related to the rarity and heterogeneity of biomarkers, requiring further development of robust detection and enrichment methods.
  2. Standardization Issues: There is a lack of consensus on sample preparation and handling protocols, which can impact the reproducibility of results.
  3. Future Research: The review suggests that future studies should focus on combining different biomarker detection methods and refining the use of nanomaterials to improve clinical applicability and diagnostic accuracy.

In conclusion, while the progress in liquid biopsy technology is promising, ongoing research and development are essential to fully realize its potential in clinical oncology.

References ​

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  3. Improving SERS biosensors for the analysis of ovarian cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles. - Long Ngo;Wei Zhang;Su Su Thae Hnit;Yuling Wang - The Analyst (2023)
  4. Tunable and Linker Free Nanogaps in Core-Shell Plasmonic Nanorods for Selective and Quantitative Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells by SERS. - Yang Zhang;Peng Yang;Madathumpady Abubaker Habeeb Muhammed;Shahad K Alsaiari;Basem Moosa;Abdulaziz Almalik;Anjli Kumar;Emilie Ringe;Niveen M Khashab - ACS applied materials & interfaces (2017)
  5. Advances in nanobiosensors during the COVID-19 pandemic and future perspectives for the post-COVID era. - Young Jun Kim;Junhong Min - Nano convergence (2024)
  6. Homogeneous Immunosorbent Assay Based on Single-Particle Enumeration Using Upconversion Nanoparticles for the Sensitive Detection of Cancer Biomarkers. - Xue Li;Lin Wei;Lanlan Pan;Zunyan Yi;Xiao Wang;Zhongju Ye;Lehui Xiao;Hung-Wing Li;Jianfang Wang - Analytical chemistry (2018)
  7. Autoluminescence-Free Prostate-Specific Antigen Detection by Persistent Luminous Nanorods and Au@Ag@SiO2 Nanoparticles. - Yuan Zhao;Fangjie Zheng;Lixia Shi;Han Liu;Wei Ke - ACS applied materials & interfaces (2019)
  8. Direct detection of neuron-specific enolase using a spectrometer-free colorimetric plasmonic biosensor. - Mana Toma;Shinnosuke Namihara;Kotaro Kajikawa - Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications (2023)
  9. Microfluidic Chip-Based Cancer Diagnosis and Prediction of Relapse by Detecting Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Cancer Stem Cells. - Hyeon-Yeol Cho;Jin-Ha Choi;Joungpyo Lim;Sang-Nam Lee;Jeong-Woo Choi - Cancers (2021)
  10. Surface modification of silica nanoparticles to reduce aggregation and nonspecific binding. - Rahul P Bagwe;Lisa R Hilliard;Weihong Tan - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids (2006)

Literatures Citing This Work ​

  1. Advancements and challenges in triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive review of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. - Nating Xiong;Heming Wu;Zhikang Yu - Frontiers in oncology (2024)
  2. Advances and challenges in the use of liquid biopsy in gynaecological oncology. - Yingfeng Zhang;Libi Tian - Heliyon (2024)
  3. Synthesis and Application of Optical Nanomaterials. - Bong-Hyun Jun - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2024)
  4. Aptamer-Conjugated Multi-Quantum Dot-Embedded Silica Nanoparticles for Lateral Flow Immunoassay. - Kwanghee Yoo;Hye-Seong Cho;Jaehi Kim;Minsup Shin;Jun-Sik Chu;Sohyeon Jang;Han-Joo Bae;Heung Su Jung;Homan Kang;Bong-Hyun Jun - Biosensors (2025)
  5. Antioxidants in cancer therapy mitigating lipid peroxidation without compromising treatment through nanotechnology. - Daniel Ejim Uti;Item Justin Atangwho;Esther Ugo Alum;Emmanuella Ntaobeten;Uket Nta Obeten;Inalegwu Bawa;Samuel A Agada;Catherine Ironya-Ogar Ukam;Godwin Eneji Egbung - Discover nano (2025)
  6. Emerging nanotechnologies and their role in early ovarian cancer detection, diagnosis and interventions. - Mega Obukohwo Oyowvi;Kehinde Henrietta Babawale;Adedeji David Atere;Benneth Ben-Azu - Journal of ovarian research (2025)
  7. Developments in nanotechnology approaches for the treatment of solid tumors. - Jacopo Venturini;Abhijit Chakraborty;Mehmet A Baysal;Apostolia M Tsimberidou - Experimental hematology & oncology (2025)
  8. Nanomaterial-assisted pancreatic cancer theranostics. - Yaqi Liu;Huachun Xu;Shihao Bai;Tianxiang Chen;Xuehua Ma;Jie Lin;Linglin Sun;Changyong Gao;Aiguo Wu;Qiang Li - Regenerative biomaterials (2025)
  9. Role of non-coding RNA-regulated ferroptosis in colorectal cancer. - Yan-Peng Zhao;Jun-Liang Liu;Shuai Wang;Xue Li - Cell death discovery (2025)
  10. Functional Nanomaterials for Advanced Bioelectrode Interfaces: Recent Advances in Disease Detection and Metabolic Monitoring. - Junlong Ma;Siyi Yang;Zhihao Yang;Ziliang He;Zhanhong Du - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) (2025)

... (5 more literatures)

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