Curated Papers > Recent high-impact research on "mRNA vaccines" (IF≥30, last 5 years)

Cancer statistics, 2023.

Literature Information

DOI	10.3322/caac.21763
PMID	36633525
Journal	CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
Impact Factor	232.4
JCR Quartile	Q1
Publication Year	2023
Times Cited	8136
Keywords	cancer cases, cancer statistics, death rates, incidence, mortality
Literature Type	Journal Article
ISSN	0007-9235
Pages	17-48
Issue	73(1)
Authors	Rebecca L Siegel, Kimberly D Miller, Nikita Sandeep Wagle, Ahmedin Jemal

TL;DR

The American Cancer Society projects 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 deaths in the U.S. for 2023, highlighting an increase in prostate cancer incidence and contrasting trends in lung cancer between genders, while noting significant declines in cervical cancer due to HPV vaccination. Despite a continued overall decrease in cancer mortality rates, rising incidences of breast, prostate, and uterine corpus cancers, which exhibit substantial racial disparities, pose challenges to future progress in cancer control.

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cancer cases · cancer statistics · death rates · incidence · mortality

Abstract

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Cancer incidence increased for prostate cancer by 3% annually from 2014 through 2019 after two decades of decline, translating to an additional 99,000 new cases; otherwise, however, incidence trends were more favorable in men compared to women. For example, lung cancer in women decreased at one half the pace of men (1.1% vs. 2.6% annually) from 2015 through 2019, and breast and uterine corpus cancers continued to increase, as did liver cancer and melanoma, both of which stabilized in men aged 50 years and older and declined in younger men. However, a 65% drop in cervical cancer incidence during 2012 through 2019 among women in their early 20s, the first cohort to receive the human papillomavirus vaccine, foreshadows steep reductions in the burden of human papillomavirus-associated cancers, the majority of which occur in women. Despite the pandemic, and in contrast with other leading causes of death, the cancer death rate continued to decline from 2019 to 2020 (by 1.5%), contributing to a 33% overall reduction since 1991 and an estimated 3.8 million deaths averted. This progress increasingly reflects advances in treatment, which are particularly evident in the rapid declines in mortality (approximately 2% annually during 2016 through 2020) for leukemia, melanoma, and kidney cancer, despite stable/increasing incidence, and accelerated declines for lung cancer. In summary, although cancer mortality rates continue to decline, future progress may be attenuated by rising incidence for breast, prostate, and uterine corpus cancers, which also happen to have the largest racial disparities in mortality.

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Primary Questions Addressed

1. What factors are contributing to the increasing incidence of breast and prostate cancers in the United States?
2. How does the decline in cervical cancer incidence among vaccinated women impact overall cancer statistics in future years?
3. What specific advancements in cancer treatment have led to the observed reductions in mortality rates for leukemia and melanoma?
4. How do racial disparities in cancer mortality rates influence public health policies and cancer prevention strategies?
5. In what ways has the COVID-19 pandemic affected cancer screening and early detection rates, and how might this impact future cancer statistics?

Key Findings

1. Research Background and Objectives

The annual report by the American Cancer Society aims to provide updated estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. This report utilizes comprehensive data from central cancer registries and the National Center for Health Statistics to analyze trends in cancer occurrence and outcomes. The 2023 report seeks to inform public health officials, researchers, and the general public about the current state of cancer in the U.S., focusing on new cases, deaths, and emerging trends in different demographics and cancer types.

2. Key Methods and Findings

The report presents projections for 2023, estimating 1,958,310 new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths in the U.S. It notes a significant annual increase in prostate cancer incidence of 3% from 2014 to 2019, reversing a two-decade decline and resulting in an additional 99,000 new cases. In contrast, the incidence rates for lung cancer in women decreased at a much slower rate compared to men (1.1% vs. 2.6% annually). The report highlights concerning trends for breast and uterine corpus cancers, which continue to rise, as well as for liver cancer and melanoma, particularly among older men. Notably, there has been a remarkable 65% decline in cervical cancer incidence among women in their early 20s, attributed to the uptake of the HPV vaccine. Furthermore, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer death rates continued to decline, with a 1.5% reduction from 2019 to 2020 and an overall 33% decrease since 1991, translating to approximately 3.8 million deaths averted.

3. Core Conclusions

The findings indicate a dual narrative in cancer statistics: while overall cancer mortality rates are on the decline, certain cancers such as breast, prostate, and uterine corpus show rising incidence rates, which are accompanied by significant racial disparities in mortality. Advances in cancer treatment have led to marked declines in mortality rates for specific cancers like leukemia, melanoma, and kidney cancer, despite stable or increasing incidence rates.

4. Research Significance and Impact

This report underscores the progress made in cancer treatment and prevention, particularly the impact of vaccination on cervical cancer incidence. However, it also highlights the challenges posed by increasing rates of certain cancers, particularly among women and marginalized communities. The data serves as a critical resource for policymakers and healthcare professionals to allocate resources effectively and develop targeted interventions. The observed disparities call for continued research and tailored public health strategies to address the unequal burden of cancer across different populations, ensuring that advancements in cancer care benefit all demographics equitably.

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