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Recent advances in mRNA vaccine technology.
Literature Information
| DOI | 10.1016/j.coi.2020.01.008 |
|---|---|
| PMID | 32244193 |
| Journal | Current opinion in immunology |
| Impact Factor | 5.8 |
| JCR Quartile | Q1 |
| Publication Year | 2020 |
| Times Cited | 245 |
| Keywords | mRNA vaccine, vaccine technology, immune response, cancer, infectious disease |
| Literature Type | Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review |
| ISSN | 0952-7915 |
| Pages | 14-20 |
| Issue | 65() |
| Authors | Norbert Pardi, Michael J Hogan, Drew Weissman |
TL;DR
This review highlights the recent advancements in messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, which have shown significant efficacy against various cancers and infectious diseases, especially where traditional vaccines fall short. It underscores the importance of innovations in mRNA delivery and production, while addressing the challenges and future prospects for this promising vaccine technology.
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mRNA vaccine · vaccine technology · immune response · cancer · infectious disease
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines represent a relatively new vaccine class showing great promise for the future. This optimism is built on recently published studies demonstrating the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in combatting several types of cancer and infectious pathogens where conventional vaccine platforms may fail to induce protective immune responses. These results would not have been possible without critical recent innovations in the field, such as the development of safe and efficient materials for in vivo mRNA delivery and advanced protocols for the production of high quality mRNA. This review summarizes the most important developments in mRNA vaccines from the past few years and discusses the challenges and future directions for the field.
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Primary Questions Addressed
- How do the recent advancements in mRNA vaccine technology compare to traditional vaccine methods in terms of safety and efficacy?
- What specific innovations in mRNA delivery systems have contributed to the success of these vaccines in clinical trials?
- In what ways could mRNA vaccines be adapted for use against emerging infectious diseases beyond those currently targeted?
- What are the potential long-term implications of mRNA vaccine technology on cancer treatment strategies?
- How do recent studies address the challenges of immune response variability in different populations with mRNA vaccines?
Key Findings
1. Research Background and Purpose: The emergence of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines has revolutionized the field of immunization, particularly highlighted by the success of COVID-19 vaccines. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in mRNA vaccine technology, assessing their efficacy against various cancers and infectious diseases where traditional vaccines have limitations. The purpose is to elucidate the innovations that have facilitated these breakthroughs and to outline the challenges that remain in the field.
2. Key Methods and Findings: Recent studies have showcased several critical innovations that have propelled mRNA vaccine technology forward. Notably, advancements in materials for in vivo mRNA delivery have enhanced the safety and efficiency of these vaccines. Innovations in the production protocols for high-quality mRNA have also played a significant role in improving vaccine efficacy. The review highlights specific case studies where mRNA vaccines have successfully elicited robust immune responses, particularly against pathogens and tumors that previously posed significant challenges for conventional vaccine strategies.
3. Core Conclusions: The review concludes that mRNA vaccines represent a promising avenue for both cancer therapy and infectious disease prevention. The ability of mRNA vaccines to induce strong immune responses where traditional methods fail is a significant advantage. However, the authors caution that despite these promising results, challenges such as scalability in production, regulatory hurdles, and public acceptance must be addressed to fully realize the potential of mRNA vaccine technology.
4. Research Significance and Impact: The advancements in mRNA vaccine technology could have far-reaching implications for public health and therapeutic interventions. By demonstrating the capability of mRNA vaccines to target a wide array of diseases, including those that are difficult to treat with existing vaccines, this technology holds the potential to transform the landscape of vaccination and immunotherapy. The insights from this review not only highlight the current state of the field but also pave the way for future research and development efforts aimed at overcoming existing challenges. The ongoing exploration of mRNA technology could lead to the rapid development of vaccines for emerging infectious diseases and personalized cancer treatments, thereby significantly impacting global health outcomes.
Literatures Citing This Work
- Formulation and Delivery Technologies for mRNA Vaccines. - Chunxi Zeng;Chengxiang Zhang;Patrick G Walker;Yizhou Dong - Current topics in microbiology and immunology (2022)
- RNA to the rescue: RNA is one of the most promising targets for drug development given its wide variety of uses. - Andrea Rinaldi - EMBO reports (2020)
- COVID-19 Vaccines: "Warp Speed" Needs Mind Melds, Not Warped Minds. - John P Moore;P J Klasse - Journal of virology (2020)
- [Progress and analysis on the development of 2019-nCoV vaccine]. - Zhuang Kang;Mei Tang - Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi (2020)
- COVID-19: Mechanisms of Vaccination and Immunity. - Daniel E Speiser;Martin F Bachmann - Vaccines (2020)
- A Thermostable mRNA Vaccine against COVID-19. - Na-Na Zhang;Xiao-Feng Li;Yong-Qiang Deng;Hui Zhao;Yi-Jiao Huang;Guan Yang;Wei-Jin Huang;Peng Gao;Chao Zhou;Rong-Rong Zhang;Yan Guo;Shi-Hui Sun;Hang Fan;Shu-Long Zu;Qi Chen;Qi He;Tian-Shu Cao;Xing-Yao Huang;Hong-Ying Qiu;Jian-Hui Nie;Yuhang Jiang;Hua-Yuan Yan;Qing Ye;Xia Zhong;Xia-Lin Xue;Zhen-Yu Zha;Dongsheng Zhou;Xiao Yang;You-Chun Wang;Bo Ying;Cheng-Feng Qin - Cell (2020)
- The 2020 Pandemic: Current SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Development. - Sana O Alturki;Sawsan O Alturki;Jennifer Connors;Gina Cusimano;Michele A Kutzler;Abdullah M Izmirly;Elias K Haddad - Frontiers in immunology (2020)
- Genetics and genomics of SARS-CoV-2: A review of the literature with the special focus on genetic diversity and SARS-CoV-2 genome detection. - Azadeh Rahimi;Azin Mirzazadeh;Soheil Tavakolpour - Genomics (2021)
- Editorial overview: Vaccines 2020. - Bali Pulendran;Rino Rappuoli - Current opinion in immunology (2020)
- Flu RNA Vaccine: A Game Changer? - François Meurens - Vaccines (2020)
... (235 more literatures)
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